

Best free vpn for microsoft edge reddit: Quick fact: Edge users often look for a VPN that’s reliable, fast, and easy to use without breaking the browser. In this guide, I’ll break down the best free VPN options compatible with Microsoft Edge, share real-world tips, and compare features like speed, privacy, and limits. Whether you’re trying to bypass geo-restrictions, protect your data on public Wi‑Fi, or just experiment with VPNs, this post has you covered. Below you’ll find a mix of formats: side-by-side comparisons, bullet lists, quick step-by-step setup guides, and FAQ sections to help you find the right free VPN for Edge without the fluff.
Useful Resources text only, not clickable
- Apple Website – apple.com
- Artificial Intelligence Wikipedia – en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence
- Microsoft Edge Support – support.microsoft.com
- VPN.com – vpn.com
- TechRadar VPN Guide – www.techradar.com/vpn
- Reddit VPN Threads – www.reddit.com/r/VPN
- Mozilla Privacy Guide -foundation.mozilla.org/en/privacy/
If you’re using Microsoft Edge and want to keep things simple, a good free VPN can be a solid start. Here’s a quick overview of what you’ll get in this guide:
- Why Edge users might prefer a free VPN
- How free VPNs compare to paid options
- A list of reputable free VPNs that work well with Edge
- How to install and use each one in Edge
- Privacy, speed, and data limits you should know
What makes a VPN work well with Microsoft Edge?
- Browser compatibility: Some VPNs are browser extensions only; others install at the system level. We’ll highlight Edge-friendly options.
- Speed and server choices: Free plans come with limits. We’ll show you the best options for light browsing, streaming tests, and general privacy.
- Privacy and logging: Free VPNs can have hidden data policies. We’ll call out those details and give you privacy-conscious picks where possible.
- Security features: Look for strong encryption, a kill switch, and leak protection, even on free plans.
Top free VPNs that work well with Microsoft Edge in-browser extension or system-wide
- Proton VPN Free: Strong emphasis on privacy with no data cap for free tier limited to a few servers. Good for Edge users who want reliable basic protection.
- Windscribe Free: Monthly data allowance and a decent set of servers; Edge extension is available and easy to enable.
- TunnelBear Free: User-friendly, friendly limits, and a smooth setup experience with Edge.
- Atlas VPN Free: Reasonable speed, simple interface, and Edge compatibility.
- hide.me Free: Good privacy posture, decent data allowances, and Edge-friendly apps.
Comparison table: free VPNs for Edge high level
- Proton VPN Free: Data cap – unlimited data, speed varies, servers – 3 countries, logs – minimal, features – no-logs policy claim, kill switch – yes on some platforms.
- Windscribe Free: Data cap – 10 GB/month with promo or 2 GB default, servers – ~10 locations, logs – some usage data, features – firewall, kill switch, Edge extension available.
- TunnelBear Free: Data cap – 500 MB/month up to 1 GB with tweet, servers – 20+ locations, logs – some connection data, features – simple interface, kill switch – no on free plan.
- Atlas VPN Free: Data cap – 2 GB/month, servers – limited, logs – minimal, features – safe swaps, basic privacy, Edge compatibility.
- hide.me Free: Data cap – 2 GB/month, servers – 5 locations, logs – minimal, features – split tunneling, kill switch, Edge-friendly apps.
Step-by-step setup guides for Edge
-
Proton VPN Free system-wide on Windows
- Go to Proton VPN website and sign up for a free account.
- Download and install the Windows app.
- Open the app, sign in, choose a free server, and connect.
- Verify your IP is masked by visiting a site like ipinfo.io.
- Open Edge and browse as usual; your traffic is protected system-wide.
-
Windscribe Free Edge extension
- Sign up for a Windscribe account.
- Install Windscribe Edge extension from the Edge add-ons store.
- Click the extension icon, create a profile, and choose a free server.
- Connect, then refresh Edge to ensure traffic routes through the VPN.
- Check your IP to confirm protection.
-
TunnelBear Free Edge via app
- Create a TunnelBear account and download the Windows app.
- Install and log in, then pick a free location.
- Toggle on the VPN and verify connection.
- Edge traffic should route through TunnelBear automatically after the app connects.
-
Atlas VPN Free system-wide
- Download Atlas VPN from the official site.
- Install and sign in with a free account.
- Choose a free server and connect.
- Open Edge and test browsing behavior.
-
Hide.me Free system-wide
- Sign up for a free hide.me account.
- Install the Windows app or Edge extension if available.
- Connect to a free server and confirm protection on Edge.
Speed, data, and privacy realities with free VPNs for Edge
- Speed: Free tiers usually have shared servers and throttling. Expect slower speeds during peak hours.
- Data limits: Many free plans cap monthly data – plan for lightweight browsing or occasional streaming.
- Privacy: Most reputable free VPNs claim a no-logs policy, but some still collect basic usage data. Read the privacy policy carefully.
- Security: Free VPNs that offer a kill switch and leak protection are preferable, but features may be limited on free plans.
- Reliability: Free servers can be unstable or overloaded; you may need to switch locations if a server is slow or down.
Common Edge-specific tips
- Use the Edge extension when available to avoid extra app overhead, but system-wide VPNs can be more reliable for all traffic.
- If you’re testing streaming, start with a locate nearest to ensure better speeds; some free plans block streaming outright.
- Combine with privacy-conscious browsing: disable unnecessary scripts, use private mode when testing sensitive topics, and clear cookies regularly.
Potential limitations of free VPNs for Edge
- Data caps can interrupt sessions or limit research and video watching.
- Fewer server locations can lead to congestion and slower speeds.
- Advertising or tracker concerns on free plans; some providers monetize through ads or telemetry.
- Limited customer support compared to paid plans.
User experiences: real-world anecdotes summarized
- A student using Edge for online classes found Proton VPN Free reliable for basic browsing and accessing course materials.
- A remote worker said Windscribe Free made it easy to test different locations for geo-restricted content, though speeds varied.
- A casual user noted TunnelBear’s friendly interface helped them understand VPN basics without wrestling with settings.
Proactive privacy practices while using free VPNs with Edge
- Regularly update Edge and VPN apps to patch vulnerabilities.
- Turn on the VPN’s kill switch if available to prevent accidental exposure.
- Use HTTPS sites whenever possible; VPNs encrypt tunnel traffic but not end-to-end encryption on the site.
- Be mindful of what you log into while connected, especially financial or sensitive accounts.
Alternatives to free VPNs for Edge users
- Low-cost paid VPNs with strong Edge compatibility and higher speeds.
- Browser-based privacy tools like Privacy Badger or HTTPS Everywhere as supplements.
- Using a privacy-focused search engine and a good firewall in addition to a VPN.
What to look for when choosing a free VPN for Edge
- Clear privacy policy with a no-logs claim.
- Consistent speed performance and reasonable data allowances.
- Edge extension availability or strong system-wide support.
- Essential features: kill switch, leak protection, and split tunneling where possible.
- Easy-to-use interface and reliable customer support.
Pros and cons at a glance
- Pros: Free access, quick setup, simple protection for basic browsing.
- Cons: Data caps, slower speeds, limited server options, potential privacy trade-offs.
Recommended workflow for beginners
- Start with a lightweight trial: pick one free VPN and test a few websites for performance.
- Use Edge’s privacy settings in tandem with the VPN for extra protection.
- Track data usage to avoid hitting the cap early.
FAQ Section
Frequently Asked Questions
Do free VPNs work with Microsoft Edge?
Yes, many free VPNs offer Edge-compatible extensions or system-wide apps that protect Edge traffic.
Are free VPNs safe for banking or sensitive data?
Free VPNs can provide basic protection, but for sensitive activities, a paid VPN with strong encryption and a strict no-logs policy is recommended.
How can I test if a VPN is leaking my real IP in Edge?
Visit a site like ipleak.net or dnsleaktest while connected to the VPN; you should see an IP address different from your real one and the correct DNS not leaking.
Can I watch geo-restricted videos with a free VPN on Edge?
Some free VPNs allow limited streaming, but many block streaming or offer only a small set of servers. You may need a paid plan for reliable access.
Is there a risk using Edge extensions for VPNs?
Edge extensions can be convenient but may offer less security than full VPN apps. Use trusted providers and review permissions. Vpn on microsoft edge how to install configure and use a VPN on Microsoft Edge for privacy streaming and security 2026
How much data do free VPNs usually give?
Most free plans range from a few hundred MB to around 10 GB per month, depending on the provider and promotions.
Do free VPNs log my activity?
Some free VPNs collect minimal connection data; others claim robust no-logs policies. Always read the privacy policy.
Can I use a free VPN on a Windows device with Edge?
Yes, many free VPNs support Windows and can protect Edge traffic either via extension or system-wide VPN apps.
What should I do if my Edge performance slows when using a free VPN?
Disconnect and switch to a different server or reduce the number of opened tabs; sometimes changing protocols or servers helps.
Are there privacy-friendly paid options worth upgrading to later?
Yes. If you’re serious about privacy and performance, paid VPNs with strong no-logs policies, fast speeds, and robust security features are worth it. Cyberghost vpn for microsoft edge extension: complete setup, features, performance, and tips for edge users 2026
Note on updates
- VPN and browser policies change, so always check the latest information from the provider’s site and official Edge extension store.
- This guide includes the most common free VPNs known to offer Edge compatibility as of 2026; availability may vary by region.
If you want, I can tailor this guide to your exact region, preferred devices, or you want deeper comparisons between specific VPNs.
Best free vpn for microsoft edge reddit: ultimate guide to free edge vpn extensions, reddit insights, privacy, performance, and safety tips for Microsoft Edge users
Best free vpn for microsoft edge reddit: Proton VPN, Windscribe, and TunnelBear are commonly recommended options. In this guide, you’ll get a practical comparison, Edge-friendly setup steps, realistic performance expectations, and Reddit-style insights to help you decide whether to stick with a free plan or upgrade later. This is a hands-on, Edge-focused look at how free VPNs actually behave on Windows and in the Edge browser, plus a few tricks to maximize safety and speed without paying a dime. If you’re curious about paid options later, this NordVPN deal could be worth a look: 
What you’ll find in this guide
- A practical breakdown of which free VPNs work best with Microsoft Edge through browser extensions or system VPN methods
- Realistic expectations for speed, data limits, server choices, and reliability
- Step-by-step Edge setup and everyday usage tips
- Reddit-style perspectives on free VPNs, plus safety and privacy considerations
- How to test, verify, and maintain privacy while using Edge with a free VPN
- When it’s worth upgrading to a paid VPN, and how Edge users can make the most of paid plans
Introduction: what this guide is and isn’t
Yes. This guide is all about practical, Edge-friendly VPN options you can start using today, with emphasis on free plans and Edge extensions. You’ll learn which services offer Edge-compatible extensions, how to install them, what kind of performance you can realistically expect, and how Reddit users typically talk about free VPNs in 2025–2026. You’ll also get clear safety tips and a path to upgrading if you outgrow a free plan. Below you’ll find quick-start steps, a deeper dive into the top options, Edge-specific tips, and a FAQ section so you can quickly find the answers you need. Edge change location: how to switch VPN server regions in Edge Secure Network and other VPNs for privacy and speed 2026
Useful URLs and Resources un clickable in-text text form
- Edge Add-ons store – edge.microsoft.com/extensions
- Proton VPN – protonvpn.com
- Windscribe – windscribe.com
- TunnelBear – tunnelbear.com
- Hide.me – hide.me
- NordVPN – nordvpn.com
- Reddit VPN community – reddit.com/r/VPN
- What is DNS leak protection? – en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNS_leak
- Windows VPN setup basics – support.microsoft.com
Body
How free VPNs for Edge actually work
- Browser extensions vs. system VPN: Microsoft Edge can use browser extensions that route traffic through a VPN service, but many people also run a free VPN by installing the service’s Windows app. Extensions are convenient for browser traffic, while a full Windows VPN app can protect all traffic on your device. For Edge-specific use, start with EDGE extensions, and consider a wider Windows VPN if you need device-wide protection.
- Data limits and speeds: Free VPNs almost always impose data caps, slower speeds, or fewer servers. Expect lower throughput, higher latency, and potential throttling during peak times. If you plan on streaming or large file transfers, you’ll likely bump into limits quickly.
- Privacy trade-offs: Free VPNs fund themselves through advertising, data sharing, or limited features. Always read the privacy policy and consider whether the service logs data or shows you targeted ads. For Edge users who care about privacy, this matters as much as the actual tunneling protocol.
- Security basics you should know: Look for OpenVPN or WireGuard support, a kill switch, DNS leak protection, and a clear no-logs policy. On Edge, you’ll still want to verify WebRTC leaks and test IP address exposure after you connect.
Top free VPN extensions for Microsoft Edge
Here are the most commonly recommended free options that have Edge extensions or smooth Edge compatibility. Availability can change, so always check the Edge Add-ons store before you install.
Windscribe Free
- What it offers: Windscribe’s free plan is one of the more generous free offerings, with a reasonable data cap for light browsing and very decent privacy defaults. The Windscribe Edge extension is straightforward to install and turns on with a single click.
- Pros: Easy setup in Edge, built-in tracker blocking and firewall features on mobile/desktop apps, relatively reliable for a free plan.
- Cons: Data cap applies, speeds can dip during peak hours, some servers may be slower or crowded.
- Edge integration: Works well as an Edge extension for browser-level protection. you can still couple it with the Windows app if you want device-wide protection.
TunnelBear Free
- What it offers: TunnelBear’s free version is famous for its beginner-friendly vibe and simple UI. Expect a modest data allowance per month.
- Pros: Very approachable for first-time VPN users, strong privacy approach, pleasant design.
- Cons: Data cap is low. not ideal for heavy video or large downloads.
- Edge integration: There is an Edge-compatible extension in many regions, making it a good pick for casual browsing from within Edge.
Proton VPN Free
- What it offers: Proton VPN is known for a privacy-first approach. The free plan focuses on reliability and strong encryption, with limitations on the server pool and speeds.
- Pros: Strong privacy posture including a transparent policy and Swiss data protection, no forced data caps in some configurations, reputable company.
- Cons: Fewer free servers. speeds can be slower on the free tier. not always guaranteed to have a native Edge extension depending on platform changes.
- Edge integration: Proton’s browser capabilities vary by region and build. check Edge Add-ons for availability. If not, you can still use Proton VPN on Windows and route Edge traffic through the system VPN.
Hide.me Free
- What it offers: Hide.me’s free tier remains popular due to its clear policy and relatively predictable performance.
- Pros: Solid privacy stance, transparent logging policy, decent speeds for everyday use.
- Cons: Data allowance and server options are limited on the free plan.
- Edge integration: Edge extension is typically supported. you can also use the Windows app for broader protection.
Other considerations
- Atlas VPN free, or other minor players, might offer Edge extensions or easy Windows app setups. If you’re choosing a free option specifically for Edge, start with the three above and verify Edge extension availability in the store.
- Edge extension vs. Windows app: If your goal is browser-based privacy for Edge traffic, a dependable Edge extension is enough. If you want to protect all apps on your PC, install the Windows VPN app in addition to or instead of the Edge extension.
Step-by-step setup: getting a free VPN onto Microsoft Edge
- Open Microsoft Edge and go to the Edge Add-ons store: search for the VPN extension Windscribe, TunnelBear, Hide.me, etc.
- Click Add to Edge and confirm the permissions the extension requests.
- Sign up for a free account with the chosen provider if required. Most free extensions ask you to sign in so you can unlock your free data allowance and settings.
- Turn on the extension and pick a country/server. For edge performance, pick a nearby server to reduce latency.
- Run a quick IP check use a service like ipinfo.io to confirm your traffic is now appearing from the VPN’s region.
- Optional: Enable any available edge-specific features like tracker blocking or ad blocking, if the extension includes them.
- Test for DNS leaks: go to dnsleaktest.com and verify your DNS queries appear to originate from the VPN provider.
- If you want device-wide protection, install the Windows app from the VPN provider and connect there. then Edge traffic will route through the VPN system-wide.
Tips for optimizing speed and reliability in Edge
- Start with a nearby server. Proximity reduces latency and improves page load times.
- Disable other browser extensions that might conflict with the VPN’s traffic routing.
- Use the VPN’s “auto-connect” or “kill switch” features when possible to prevent accidental data exposure.
- Run periodic DNS leak tests after switching servers or after updates to ensure your address isn’t leaking.
- If a site blocks VPN IPs, switch to a different server or check if the provider has a specific region for streaming or general browsing.
Reddit perspectives: what real users say about free VPNs on Edge
Reddit threads often highlight practical, real-world experiences rather than glossy marketing language. Here’s what you’ll typically see in 2025–2026 discussions: Hotspot vpn chrome extension review and guide for 2025: setup, features, privacy, performance, and alternatives
- “Free VPNs are okay for basic privacy, but don’t expect smooth streaming or unlimited data. It’s great for trying Edge extensions and testing if you actually need a VPN.”
- “If you rely on privacy, read the policy: a lot of ‘free’ plans log usage, share data, or inject ads. I’m careful about which extensions I trust with my browsing history.”
- “Edge users love how lightweight Edge extensions can be, but many free options are throttled. The trade-off is usually worth it if you’re just trying to bypass regional blocks for basic browsing.”
- “Always test for IP leaks, especially if you’re using public Wi-Fi or a work network. some free VPNs don’t do a great job with DNS leaks.”
- “For reliable results and streaming, a paid VPN tends to be a better bet. Free options are good for testing Edge compatibility and learning how VPNs work, but expect limits.”
- Common caution: “Be careful about extensions that require full browser permissions. read the permissions and review the author’s reputation.”
- On Edge extension availability: Reddit threads occasionally point out that some providers roll out Edge support slowly, or their Windows apps are more robust than the browser extension.
In short, Reddit users often recommend starting with one of the larger, privacy-focused free options to test Edge integration, then evaluating whether you need more data, more servers, or better streaming capability by upgrading to a paid plan.
Privacy, security, and safety with free Edge VPNs
- Data handling: Free VPNs can monetize your data through ads or by selling anonymized usage data. Always read the privacy policy to understand what’s collected and how it’s used.
- Logging policies: Look for “no-logs” claims, but verify with independent audits or third-party reports when possible. If a provider claims “no logs” but shows your activity in a support chat or app analytics, that’s a red flag.
- Encryption and protocols: Favor VPNs that offer strong encryption AES-256 and robust protocols like WireGuard or OpenVPN. Avoid extensions that rely on weak or outdated tech.
- IP/DNS leak protection: Always test for IPv4/IPv6 leaks and DNS leaks after connecting. A good free VPN will have DNS leak protection as a baseline feature.
- WebRTC protection: Some browser-based VPNs can leak your real IP via WebRTC. Either disable WebRTC in Edge or use extensions that explicitly block WebRTC leaks.
- Review the “free” caveats: Free plans often restrict servers, data, speed, or features. they’re not meant for long-term, high-bandwidth use. If you need reliable streaming or heavy browsing, consider paid options.
When to upgrade from free to paid
- Data needs exceed free limits: If you’re streaming, gaming, or downloading large files, a paid plan with higher data caps is worth it.
- Consistency and speed matter: Paid VPNs typically offer more stable speeds and fewer bottlenecks, which is essential for smooth Edge browsing, video calls, and streaming.
- Access to more servers and regions: If you want to unblock more content or appear as if you’re in a particular country, a paid plan provides broader server coverage.
- Enhanced security features: Paid plans often come with advanced features like a kill switch, split tunneling, and more rigorous privacy protections.
- Better Edge experience: A paid VPN with strong Windows app support can deliver a more seamless Edge experience and fewer compatibility hiccups.
Edge-specific best practices for secure browsing with free VPNs
- Always verify the extension’s permissions before installing. If an extension asks for unusually broad access, reassess its trustworthiness.
- Prefer extensions from reputable providers with established privacy commitments.
- Combine VPN use with other privacy practices: enable private browsing when needed, block trackers, and use a privacy-focused search engine.
- Keep Edge and all extensions updated to reduce attack vectors from vulnerabilities.
- Consider using a secondary tool for privacy: a secure password manager, two-factor authentication, and a privacy-respecting mail service complement VPN use.
Quick comparison: which option makes sense for Edge users?
- If you want a simple, low-friction test of browser-level privacy in Edge: Windscribe Free or TunnelBear Free are good starting points.
- If you value privacy-first principles and don’t mind waiting for optimal server availability: Proton VPN Free is a strong ethical option, though Edge extension availability may vary.
- If you want clarity and transparency in the policy and a reasonable free tier: Hide.me Free can be a solid pick.
- If you’re thinking about long-term streaming or heavy usage on Edge: plan to upgrade to a paid option for consistent performance and broader server access.
Practical Edge usage checklist
- Confirm you’re connected to the VPN before hitting sensitive sites or entering credentials.
- Run a quick IP check after connecting to verify that traffic is routed through the VPN.
- Do a DNS leak test after connecting to a new server.
- If you’re using the Windows app, consider enabling the kill switch to prevent traffic leaks if the VPN drops.
- Periodically review your extensions and disable anything you don’t actively use to minimize performance impact.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is there a truly unlimited data free VPN that works with Edge?
Most free VPNs impose data caps. There are some services occasionally offering more data on promotions or with certain conditions, but unlimited data at a reliable level is generally a paid feature. If unlimited data is essential, consider a paid option. you can still test Edge compatibility with the free tier first.
Can I use free VPNs with Microsoft Edge extensions only?
Yes, many free VPNs offer Edge extensions that handle browser-level traffic. If you want device-wide protection, you’ll typically need to use the Windows app in addition to or instead of the Edge extension.
Are free VPNs safe for everyday browsing on Edge?
For casual browsing on trusted sites, free VPNs can be safe if you choose reputable providers, verify permissions, and keep the software updated. However, free plans often come with data caps, slower speeds, and privacy caveats. Avoid VPNs that log heavily or inject ads. Planet vpn edge extension
Do free VPNs work for streaming on Edge?
Some free VPNs can unblock streaming video on Edge, but most free options cap data and throttle speeds, making consistent streaming unlikely. If streaming is a priority, a paid plan is usually required.
How do I install an Edge extension VPN?
- Open Edge > Extensions > Get extensions from the Microsoft Edge Add-ons store
- Search for the VPN extension Windscribe, TunnelBear, Hide.me, etc.
- Click Add to Edge and follow the prompts to sign in or activate
- Connect to a server and test your IP
- Optional: Install the Windows app for broader protection
Will a free VPN protect me on public Wi-Fi?
A free VPN can help protect data on public Wi-Fi by encrypting traffic, but you should still practice good security hygiene, such as using strong, unique passwords and enabling two-factor authentication where possible.
What should I test after installing a free VPN in Edge?
- Check your IP address to confirm it changed to the VPN server
- Perform DNS leak tests to ensure DNS requests aren’t leaking
- Test WebRTC to ensure there are no IP leaks
- Try a simple speed test to gauge performance
Can I use a Windows VPN app and an Edge extension at the same time?
Yes, but you’ll want to ensure there’s no conflict in routing. Typically, you use one primary VPN as your traffic tunnel and reserve Edge extensions for browser-specific protection when needed.
Are free VPNs legal to use?
In most jurisdictions, using a VPN is legal. Some countries restrict or ban VPN usage for certain purposes. Always know the local laws and corporate policies if you’re on a work network.
How often should I switch VPN servers?
If you notice slow speeds or a server is blocked by a site, switch to a nearby server or a different region. Regularly rotating servers can help avoid throttling or site blocks. Edge browser mod apk
What if I want better Edge performance but can’t afford a paid VPN now?
Start with one reliable free Edge extension, optimize Edge settings disable unnecessary extensions, enable privacy features, and gradually plan a paid upgrade when your usage grows. You can continue to test Edge performance with different free options to see what works best for you.
How do I know if a free VPN is leaking my data or IP?
Run a test using reputable sites like ipinfo.io and dnsleaktest.com after connecting. If your real IP shows up on those tests, stop using that extension and switch servers or disable it entirely.
Are there Edge-specific tips to improve privacy beyond VPNs?
Yes. Use a privacy-focused search engine, enable advanced tracking protection in Edge, and consider extensions that block ads and trackers. Disable WebRTC if your VPN extension doesn’t handle it well, and regularly review privacy settings in Edge.
If you’re exploring free VPNs for Microsoft Edge based on Reddit conversations and real-world usage, you’re not alone. Free options give you a nice low-cost way to test how Edge behaves with a VPN, what you gain in privacy, and where the limits are. Use this guide as a practical starting point, then adjust based on your needs. If you ever outgrow the free experience, that NordVPN deal is there as a ready-made upgrade path, with Edge-friendly features and strong security baked in.
Forticlient vpn 九工大 深度评测:如何在企业和校园网络中安全使用 FortiClient VPN、设置要点与常见问题 Secure access services edge: a comprehensive guide to SASE, VPN convergence, and secure remote access for modern networks